http://ndgga.forumco.com/NDGGAhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/rss.gifhttp://www.ndgga.orghttp://ndgga.forumco.com/rss.gif8637mwagarhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?whichpage=-1&TOPIC_ID=16&REPLY_ID=3810Mon, 24 Aug 2009 21:59:09 +0100Grape Wildhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=2210Sun, 19 Jul 2009 17:25:44 +0100Grape Wildhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?whichpage=-1&TOPIC_ID=18&REPLY_ID=3710Sun, 10 May 2009 21:28:36 +0100gkriegerhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?whichpage=-1&TOPIC_ID=21&REPLY_ID=3510Thu, 26 Feb 2009 16:38:26 +0100rehogenhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=2010Tue, 16 Dec 2008 06:44:46 +0100rehogen@yahoo.com or just wait till the Annual Meeting.
Thanks
Rodney]]>rehogenhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1910Tue, 16 Dec 2008 06:40:14 +0100gkriegerhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1710Tue, 16 Sep 2008 23:00:09 +0100Harlene has set one up one for grape growers and a number of us are on it. Those of you who are not on it yet are all invited to join. Topics this year have included winter survival last spring, tissue sample results this summer, and Brix levels this fall. It is easy to join - just send an e-mail to Harlene at the address below with a message saying you would like to be added to the grape list serve.

Greg @ LSV

----- Original Message -----
From: "Harlene Hatterman-Valenti" <h.hatterman.valenti@ndsu.edu>

I've been designated the administrator and thus the one to add the names and e-mail addresses. I think it would be great to have hundreds of people subscribed, so if members send me their information, I will make the additions.]]>gkriegerhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1510Sat, 13 Sep 2008 22:05:00 +0100GK @ LSV

----------------------------------------------------------
Mike White
ISU Extension Viticulture Specialist.
ph: 515-961-6237, fax 6017
mlwhite@iastate.edu
---------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Greg Krieger [mailto:krieger@polarcomm.com]
Sent: Tuesday, September 02, 2008 1:08 PM
To: Michael L White
Subject: Tissue Sample Results


Mike,

After seeing some vineyards with poor vine growth and after being inspired by a talk at the Cold Climate Conference, I got approval from the North Dakota Grape Growers Association to cover the cost of a tissue analysis for any member who would submit one.

So far, we've had 26 samples analysed, and the results are rather interesting. On average, the each sample is low on nearly four different nutrients. The most commonly deficient nutrients and the numbers of low samples are: iron - 19, sulfur - 16, calcium -12, nitrogen - 12, manganese - 10, zinc - 9, magnesium - 8, and copper - 6. The phosphorous levels are adequate on all but four samples; the potassium levels are high on all but one sample, and boron is adequate on every sample.

MW: The value of tissue samples come from comparisons seen over several years and when compared against a soil test. Seasonal weather, current crop growth and crop load can have a big affect on the results. Low sulfur and nitrogen are typical with dry soils, low organic matter soils and with heavy crop loads. pH’s above 6.7 quickly limit the uptake of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Boron

Low potassium levels are common late in the season under heavy crop loads or dry soil conditions.

These samples came from across the state, representing several different soils and pH levels. The low nitrogen tests are highly correlated with whethor or not the vineyards have grass between the rows. No suprise there. I've heard that potassium, calcium and magnesium compete for uptake, so the high potassium levels could explain the low Ca and Mg results. That still leaves a lot of samples with low Fe, S, Mn, Zn and/or Cu.

MW: Yes, horticulturalists always talk about K, CA and Mg competing with each other. Agronomists generally disagree with this concept unless low Cation Exchange Capacity- CEC soils (ie…sandy or light textured soils) are present.

For the sake of getting along, I will agree with the horticulturalists on this.

Few, if any, of these grapes were inoculated with mycorrhizae. Could that be the reason there are so many low results? Most vineyards in ND are growing on what was once grassland or farmland without a history of woody plants, so lack of mycorrhizae would be expected. But then, aren't mycorrhizae mainly to help with P uptake? For the most part, our P levels are fine.

MW: Yes, inoculating with mycorrhizae could enhance establishment of a vineyard, especially if you are buying greenhouse plants that have not been grown in vineyard nursery soils. There is already mycorrhizae on the roots when you purchase bare root plants. Mycorrhizae helps with obtaining all nutrients in the soil. It just so happens that phosphate is often in limited in supply in many of our Midwestern soils.

High soil pH could explain low Fe and Zn tests, for example, but I'd expect those same sites to also have low P and high S, but that isn't the case.

MW: Yes, pH’s above 6.7 would tend to tie up FE, Zn, B, Mn and Cu and limit P uptake.


What is going on here? How do these results compare with tissue results in Iowa, for example? Is inoculation with mycorrhizae a standard practice there?

MW: No, I do not know of anyone specifically inoculating grapes with microrrhizae.

I've read that fertilizer and pesticide applications are harmful to mycorrhizae. Is this true? I can't imagine that all products are all in the same heirarchy of toxicity. It is unlikely that many of these grapes would have been treated with a fungicide, and none would have been trated with a soil fumigant.

MW: Anything that would enhance plant growth should enhance mycorrihizae growth (symbiotic relationship between grape and fungus). Fertilizer should increase mycorrhizae’s growth. I am not aware of any insecticides, herbicides or foliar fungicides that would hurt micorrhizae growth in the soil. Yes,… a soil fumigant would like cause harm.

Do you have any idea what would be the best practices to use to nurture mycorrhizae? Worst? Is it beneficial to apply mycorrhizae to established plants? If so, how should it be done?

MW: Generally good soil texture, moisture, organic matter, little compaction, moisture and pH’s in the 5.5-7.0 range will favor micorrhizae. Most micorrhizae is host specific. What is good for the host is good for the micorrhizae.

Yes, the addition of mycorrhizae may enhance grape growth if it is not already present.

Any other thoughts?

MW: Summary… People often tend to concentrate on the lower priority soil properties when drying to increase crop growth, often ignoring the high priority items. Here is my priority order for plant growth

Temperature>Sunshine > CO2 >O2>water>soil tilth>pH>N>P>K>S>Ca>Mg>micronutrients,………………….micorrhizae. Pay attention to the most important and the details will often solve themselves.

One tissue sample will not tell you the whole story.

I hope this is of some help.

Jmike white

____________________________________

Thanks.


Greg Krieger, Pres.

NDGGA
]]>Grape Wildhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?whichpage=-1&TOPIC_ID=11&REPLY_ID=2910Tue, 10 Jun 2008 14:59:23 +0100gkriegerhttp://ndgga.forumco.com/topic.asp?whichpage=-1&TOPIC_ID=13&REPLY_ID=2610Wed, 30 Jan 2008 11:44:13 +0100